III ~ Kenya's History

Kenya lies across the equator in east-central Africa. Kenya borders Somalia to the east, Ethiopia to the north, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. The Great Rift Valley separates western highlands from the lowland coastal strip. Mombasa the second city in Kenya is on the coast of the Indian Ocean. In the North, the land is arid and in the south the land is fertile. Many anthropologists believe that east Africa is the cradle of mankind. Anthropological archeology in Kenya is synonymous with Leakey family. Louis and Mary Leakey were the pioneers of this adventure and many sites in Rift Valley had been excavated by this family to discover prehistoric sites. Their son Dr. Richard Leakey continued the archeological expeditions. Hyrax hill, Koobi Fora and Kariandusi are some of the sites from where fossils of 4.2 million years old were excavated along with pre-historic tools and weapons. Many paleontological works were also carried out in the Lake Turkana Basin. The hot springs at Lake Baringo and Lake Bogoria are spectacular with hundreds of thousands of flamingos roosting around.
Kenya has a volatile pre-independence and post-independence history. Kenya was colonized by the British since 1885. The Kenya African National Union (KANU) a nationalist movement, was led by Jomo Kenyatta with other leaders like Tom Mboya, Oginga Odinga and Daniel Arop Moi. In 1942, the various tribes of Kikuyu, Embu, Meru, and Kamba united together to start the Mau Mau movement, a militant African nationalist movement to fight for freedom from the British rule. The movement led to an uprising and the eventual hanging of its leader Dedan Kimathi. Many Kenyans were incarcerated in detention camps. On 12th December 1963 Kenya got its independence with Jomo Kenyatta as the Prime minister. One year later Kenya became a republic and Jomo Kenyatta became the first President. Kenya became a one party state in 1966. Following the death Jomo Kenyatta in 1978, Vice President Daniel Arop Moi became the president. When I landed in Kenya in 1990, Moi was still the President. In 1992 multi-party democracy was restored in Kenya. Moi continued to be the President till 2002 when KANU was defeated by the National Rainbow coalition (NARC) and its candidate Mwai Kibaki became the President. The multi-party brought many hotchpotch coalitions shifting allegiance and tribal affiliations. When Kibaki's two term presidency ended in 2012, Uhuru Kenyatta, son of Jomo Kenyatta was elected as the fourth president of Kenya.
After one year of joining the school, Mr. Gupta was given the task of starting the Oshwal College in Nairobi, and Mrs. Chotai, the Head of Dept. of English had been appointed as the new principal. The school was doing quite well in National Science Congress. First, there will be a mini science congress in the school. Many students participated in various science exhibits and talks. The first two in each category were selected to represent in the zonal competition where all the schools in Nairobi Zone would participate. The winners and the runners up in each category would move forward to the national competition organized by the Ministry of education. It is quite surprising to see how young children came up with innovative scientific ideas with clarity and originality. For many years Oshwal High School became the national champion of science congress in Kenya. The President's Award Scheme in Kenya launched in 1966 by the President Mzee Jomo Kenyatta is a self-development program for young people, equipping them with life skills. Students from all schools and Universities across the country participate in this PA scheme. They go for expeditions at hazard terrains and climates to inculcate the values of teamwork, integrity, professionalism, and impartiality. The students undergo bronze, silver and gold expeditions. The Oshwal High School chapter of PA scheme is very enthusiastic with many students awarded with a gold certificate by his Excellency the President.